Max Est. MMI
31 km NNW of Covelo, CA
Engineering Ground Motion Parameters
GMPE predictions provide an independent check on the ShakeMap interpolated intensities above.
ShakeMap relies on seismic station recordings; in areas with sparse station coverage — or
for large teleseismic events and earthquakes outside dense West Coast networks — ShakeMap
MMI can be inaccurate. A significant difference between ShakeMap and GMPE estimates is a signal
that the ShakeMap result should be treated as preliminary.
Also includes site Vs30 values and raw ground motion parameters (PGA/PGV).
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Engineering Ground Motion Parameters
GMPE predictions provide an independent check on the ShakeMap interpolated intensities above. ShakeMap relies on seismic station recordings; in areas with sparse station coverage — or for large teleseismic events and earthquakes outside dense West Coast networks — ShakeMap MMI can be inaccurate. A significant difference between ShakeMap and GMPE estimates is a signal that the ShakeMap result should be treated as preliminary. Also includes site Vs30 values and raw ground motion parameters (PGA/PGV).
Est. Vs30 Values
Estimated shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 m used in GMPE calculations. Ref. column shows the 760 m/s rock-site reference for comparison.
| Location | Ref. (760 m/s) | Est. Vs30 (m/s) |
|---|---|---|
|
Covelo
CA |
760 | 294 |
|
Redway
CA |
760 | 352 |
|
Laytonville
CA |
760 | 352 |
MMI vs Distance — Default Vs30 (760 m/s)
All methods using the 760 m/s rock-site reference. ShakeMap values are independent of Vs30.
MMI vs Distance — Est. Vs30
GMPEs use the Est. Vs30 values shown in the table above. ShakeMap values are independent of Vs30.
GMPE Residual — Observed − Predicted MMI
Signed residual at each seismic station. Positive values mean the GMPE underestimated shaking; negative values mean it overestimated. The dashed line at zero indicates perfect agreement.
GMPE Predicted vs. Observed MMI at Seismic Stations
Each point is one seismic station. Points on the dashed 1:1 line indicate perfect agreement; above the line = GMPE underestimated shaking; below = overestimated.
GMPE Performance — Station Observations
Statistics computed by comparing each GMPE's predicted MMI against ShakeMap observed MMI at seismic stations. Bias = mean(observed − predicted). Lower RMSE indicates better overall agreement with instrumental measurements.
| GMPE | Bias | Sigma | RMSE |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASK14 | +0.16 | 0.41 | 0.44 |
| BSSA14 | +0.15 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| CY14 | +0.15 | 0.38 | 0.40 |
| CB14 | +0.15 | 0.37 | 0.40 |
Peak Ground Motion — Seismic Station Observations
Recorded PGA and PGV at seismic stations, sorted by highest PGA. Top 25 stations shown. MMI (PGA) and MMI (PGV) are independent conversions via Worden et al. (2012) GMICE.
| Station | PGA (g) | MMI (PGA) | PGV (cm/s) | MMI (PGV) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long Ridge (NC.KLR) | 0.0048 | Not felt(I) | 0.301 | Weak(III) |
| Jewett Creek (BK.JEWT) | 0.0044 | Not felt(I) | 0.175 | Weak(II) |
| Black Lassic (BK.BLAS) | 0.0041 | Not felt(I) | 0.202 | Weak(II) |
| Hoaglin-Zenia Elementary School (NC.KZE) | 0.0035 | Not felt(I) | 0.187 | Weak(II) |
| Round Valley Indian Tribe, Mendocino County, CA (BK.RVIT) | 0.0029 | Not felt(I) | 0.153 | Weak(II) |
| Pringle Ridge (NC.KPR) | 0.0028 | Not felt(I) | 0.132 | Weak(II) |
| Hales Grove, Mendocino, CA (BK.HALS) | 0.0026 | Not felt(I) | 0.121 | Weak(II) |
| Garberville CALFire station (NP.1591) | 0.0023 | Not felt(I) | 0.117 | Weak(II) |
| Bell Springs #3 (NC.KBSB) | 0.0018 | Not felt(I) | 0.091 | Weak(II) |
| Paradise Ridge (BK.PRDS) | 0.0016 | Not felt(I) | 0.072 | Weak(II) |
| Needle Rock (NC.KNR) | 0.0016 | Not felt(I) | 0.065 | Weak(II) |
| Briceland Vineyard, Redway, CA (BK.BRIC) | 0.0013 | Not felt(I) | 0.032 | Not felt(I) |
| Grasshopper Mountain (BK.GHOP) | 0.0013 | Not felt(I) | 0.074 | Weak(II) |
| Pickett Peak (NC.KPPB) | 0.0012 | Not felt(I) | 0.047 | Not felt(I) |
| Fire Station (NP.1023) | 0.0012 | Not felt(I) | 0.052 | Not felt(I) |
| Sproul Creek (BK.SPRL) | 0.0010 | Not felt(I) | 0.063 | Weak(II) |
| Big Mountain (BK.BIGM) | 0.0010 | Not felt(I) | 0.040 | Not felt(I) |
| Tule Creek, Hayfork, CA (BK.HAYF) | 0.0010 | Not felt(I) | 0.043 | Not felt(I) |
| Rainbow Ridge, Humboldt, CA (BK.RBOW) | 0.0010 | Not felt(I) | 0.047 | Not felt(I) |
| Burgh Ranch (NC.KBU) | 0.0010 | Not felt(I) | 0.054 | Not felt(I) |
| Big Hunter Mountain, Trinity County (BK.HUNT) | 0.0009 | Not felt(I) | 0.080 | Weak(II) |
| Bald Jesse, Humboldt County, CA (BK.BJES) | 0.0009 | Not felt(I) | 0.077 | Weak(II) |
| Thermalito Afterbay Dam (WR.THER) | 0.0008 | Not felt(I) | 0.008 | Not felt(I) |
| Cape Town (NC.KCT) | 0.0008 | Not felt(I) | 0.056 | Not felt(I) |
| Usal Creek (BK.USAL) | 0.0008 | Not felt(I) | 0.041 | Not felt(I) |
Ground Shaking Intensities — Interpolated ShakeMap MMI
3 sites| Location | MMI Description |
|---|---|
|
Covelo
CA |
Weak(II) |
|
Redway
CA |
Weak(II) |
|
Laytonville
CA |
Weak(II) |
Seismic Station Observed MMI
MMI values are derived directly from observed ground motion measurements at seismic stations and are not spatially interpolated.
| Station | MMI Description |
|---|---|
| Long Ridge (NC.KLR) | Weak(III) |
| Round Valley Indian Tribe, Mendocino County, CA (BK.RVIT) | Weak(II) |
| Jewett Creek (BK.JEWT) | Weak(II) |